Applied Economics Workshop
نویسندگان
چکیده
There is a popular belief that Chinese imports have devastated US and European manufacturing and contributed to rising inequality. Somewhat paradoxically, the consensus amongst empirical economists is that trade has not been a major cause of rising wage inequality (although this is largely based on datasets predating China’s rise). We argue that both views have underestimated the positive impact of Chinese trade on technical change. We examine the impact of the growth of Chinese import competition on technical change (as measured by IT, patent counts and citations, TFP and R&D) using a panel of over to 200,000 European firms through 2007. We correct for endogeneity using quasiexperiments such as China’s entry into the World Trade Organization. Chinese import competition led to both within firm technology upgrading and between firm reallocation of employment towards more technologically intensive plants. These effects account for about 15-20% of technology upgrading 2000-2007 and are growing over time. These results suggest that trade with low wage countries appear to have potentially large beneficial impacts on technical change as recent theories suggest. JEL No. O33, F14, L25, L60,
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